Evaluation of Several Pecan Cultivars and Selections as Immature Trees In Southern Georgia

Eleven pecan (Carya illinoinensis) genotypes were evaluated over seven years in a replicated test orchard located near Tifton,Ga.  Genotypes included three USDA selections (USDA 85-1-2, USDA 86-3-32, USDA 86-3-666) six relatively new named cultivars (Cherryle, Excel, Jenkins, McMillan, Nacono, Zinner) and two check cultivars (Desirable and Stuart).  Actual yields were measured for each tree in the test and a 50 nut sample was taken to determine nut quality.  Trees were evaluated for leaf and nut scab (Fusicladium Effusum), black aphid (Melanocallis caryaefoliae) damage, and sooty mold buildup on the leaves.  Phenological traits measured included the dates of pollen shed, stigma receptivity and shuck split.  USDA 86-3-666 and USDA 86-3-32 were judged to be unacceptable due to a combination of poor kernel quality and susceptibility to scab.  'Jenkins' was found to have unacceptable kernel quality in several years.  'McMillan' and 'Excel' appear to have potential for low spray situations where high levels of scab resistance can make up for lower nut quality traits.  'Cherryle' produced nuts of good quality, but yields have been low.  'Nacono' produced excellent quality nuts and had acceptable yields, but may be too scab susceptible for this growing region.  'Zinner' produced good yields of excellent quality nuts and so far appears promising for this growing region.   Pecan trees are a long-lived crop and these cultivars need to be evaluated for several more years to determine their performance as mature trees.