Introduction of New Roses Cultivars Into Ornamental Collection and Their Behaviour In Transylvania Conditions

The roses are extensively grown in Romania as commercial crop, as cut flowers and also are used as landscape design. At the Research Fruit Station Cluj (SCDP CLUJ) there are rich collections of germplasm of Rosa sp, collected from many countries.
The University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca has improved in the recently years the ornamental collection with 9 rose cultivars obtained from SCDP Cluj, which can be used for student practice, research activities and will be recommended for commercial culture.
Introducing the most competitive foreign cultivars in the Rosa culture is the main way of increasing the rose production (Wagner St., 2002). The new rose cultivars belong to Hybrid tea: ‘Acapella’, ‘Black Velvet’, ‘Caprice de Meilland’, ‘Fruhrot’, ‘Imperatrice Farah’, ‘Mondiale’, ‘Monica’, ‘Valencia’ and ‘White Success’.

These cultivars where studied in the period 2006-2008 for behaviours in our Transylvanian and recorded for the following characteristics: blooming time and intensity, colour and shape flowers, diameter of flower, number of petals, fragrance, plant height, bloom repeatedly, resistance to diseases and cold.

The decorative value of new varieties was established in the field by judging method of characteristics for each class, the maximum obtainable score being 100 (Palacsay, 1966, Wagner, 2002). In this respects the minimum percentage for a valuable varieties is 70 points, which is the lower limit for a good and very good behaviour. The observations were made for 10 plants from each variety.

The cultivars studied have a rich range of colours (white, red dark, salmon, apricot, bengal pink, striped or spotted etc.) are vigorous with great number of petals/flower, repeat flowering, excellent disease in garden , a bushy well-branched habit. Fragrances in roses of all types have always been important to us and remarks: Acapella, Black Velvet, Caprice de Meilland and Valencia.

            The most representative Rose cultivars can be used for landscape design in borders, gardens, or are grown as cut flowers for bouquets or arrangements. Organizing some green spaces to be more and more attractive requires a well knowledge of the morpho-biological and cultural characteristics of the rose cultivars and the choice of the most suitable combinations.