Effect of Compost Sources On the Soil Fertility and the Behavior of Raising Grape In Caborca, Sonora

The surface destined to produce raising grape in the agricultural area of Caborca, Sonora, represents 44% of the 8000 ha planted with this crop, in addition this is a high demand product, due to the excellent quality that it have in this region. The high cost of fertilizers combined with innocuity norms that are being implemented, has forced to the search of ecological and economically alternatives for the nutrition of the crops, for that reason several sources of compost, two not processed (bovine manure, and residue of Olive fruit) and three commercial products (Visur, Remin, and Alta) and the Control treatment without compost, were evaluated to check its effect on the soil fertility, the bub break, the yield and the quality of the raising grape. 12.5 t ha^-1 of compost were applied in January of 2007, and the evaluation was realized during cycle 2008. The results indicate that the soil fertility was improves, being increased the organic matter content as well as the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium content. Also all the compost sources induced an increase in the total bud break, where apparently this increase was due to the stimulus in the secondary yolk and on the old wood yolk. As far as the yield, all the compost affected positively the Fresh Grape (FG) and Raising Grape (RG), whereas the Control yield was 6.9 t ha^-1 and 1.5 t ha^-1 of FG and RG respectively, the compost yield was from 9.9 t ha^-1 to 21.1 t ha^-1 FG and 2.5 t ha^-1 to 4.7 t ha^-1 of RG, where Alta and bovine manure were the high yield with 21.1 t ha^-1 and 20.8 t ha^-1 of FG and 4.6 t ha^-1 and 4.7 t ha^-1 of RG respectively.