Amelioration of Sandy Soil Using Organic Fertilizers and Biofertilizers and the Effect On Chili Plants Growth

Increase of agronomic activity and looking for have a lesser effect on environment, is going to have an integral management of soil because some producers do an uncontrolled application of chemical products, but this application can be an adverse effect on soil, and crop production can decrease. In sandy soils are applied enough nutrients, because macroporosity nutrients can be leached. For the previous reason, in sandy soils, is necessary to apply products for structure and fertility amelioration. The objective of this work was to study the effect of vermicompost and cachaza (subproduct of the sugar industry) with Biofertilizer, based on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal, on sandy soil, using chili plants, under nursery conditions. The experiment was carried out in the Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Colima. Soil samples were taken from the experimental field at 20 cm depth. Samples were dried to the air, and sieved (2 mm). Later were mixed with the organic fertilizers and Biofertilizer, forming the treatments: 100, 150, 200 and 250 of each organic fertilizer. Firstly, seed were germinated and inoculated with Biofertilizer. When seedlings were 45 days old, were transplanted to plastic bags containing soils mixed with organic fertilizers. Were imposed 10 treatments, included only soil without AM spores and only AM spores, each treatment had four replications and 10 plants as experimental unit. 45 days after transplant, height plant, diameter stem, leaves number, dry and fresh root weight and dry and fresh aerial weight were measured. Also Electrical Conductivity, pH, Anions and Cations soluble, were measured in soil in ratio 1:5 before organic fertilizers application and 20 days after organic fertilizers application. Results shown that pH, Electrical Conductivity, and soluble cations and HCO₃ were increased significantly respecting to original soil. At the final of the experiment, values of the same parameters were also higher than the original soil before organic fertilizer application. Treatments with cachaza mixed with AM had the highest values for leaves number, stem diameter and height plant, also for fresh and dry aerial weight. Respecting to fresh and dry root weight, plants in treatments with cachaza mixed with AM and in original soil, results were statistically similar. Ours conclusions are that AM fungi application mixed with cachaza in sandy soil have beneficial effects for chili plants growth, but is necessary take in count that some chemical parameters are increased, Electrical Conductivity, pH, and soluble cations, also soluble bicarbonates.