Search and Access Archived Conference Presentations

2014 ASHS Annual Conference

18430:
Mitigation of Stress Induced by Salinity and Nickel in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) By Exogenous Application of Synthetic Proline and Proline-enriched Lolium perenne (L.) Leaf Extract

Thursday, July 31, 2014: 2:15 PM
Salon 11 (Rosen Plaza Hotel)
Muhammad Adnan Shahid, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
Rashad M. Balal, Department of Horticulture, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
M.M. Javaid, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
Muhammad Anjum Aquel, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
Tahira Abbas, Institute of Horticultural Sciences,, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
Neil Mattson, Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Shahidul Islam, University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR
Audio File Recorded Presentation
The plants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) were grown under NaCl and/or NiCl2 stress, to evaluate whether pure proline and proline-enriched Lolium perenne (L.) leaf extract could efficaciously mitigate the drastic effects of nickel and salinity stress on pea. Both stress factors (salinity and nickel) significantly inhibited growth, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) level, number of stomata, stomatal size, water-use efficiency, relative water content (RWC), and the membrane stability index (MSI). However, the proline and glycine betaine contents in leaves and roots, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) were significantly increased. Exogenously applied proline and L. perenne (LP) leaf extracts significantly overcame the nickel and/or salinity-induced toxic effects on growth, RWC, and various photosynthetic attributes. However, follow-up treatment with proline and LP leaf extract detoxified the stress caused by NiCl2and/or NaCl, by suppressing lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage, accelerating the antioxidant activities, and improving the MSI, leaf/root proline, and glycine betaine contents. Natural proline (LP leaf extract) proved to be better than pure proline for improving growth, gas exchange parameters, proline, glycine betaine, RWC, and antioxidant activities. As LP leaf extract was enriched with a substantial amount of proline along with many other essential nutrients, it was found to be as efficacious as pure proline in ameliorating growth, some major physiological attributes, and non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant activities in the pea, under nickel and/or salinity stress. Thus, it could be used as an alternative inexpensive source of proline, to be used as a mitigating agent for safeguarding plants against the deleterious effects of nickel and/or salinity stress.

Keywords: Salt stress, nickel stress, Lolium perenne, proline, antioxidant, photosynthetic attributes

See more of: Environmental Stress Physiology (Oral Session)
See more of: Oral Abstracts