2017 ASHS Annual Conference

In this study, antifungal activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y1 was tested against Sclerotium cepivorum and Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold and white rot disease on Shallot, respectively. The Y1 inhibited the growth of S. cepivorum and B. cinerea with 68 and 49%, respectively when both Y1 and pathogenic fungus were inoculated on same agar plate. The supernatant of Y1 was mixed with PDA agar medium and small piece of fungus which had been grown on PDA agar medium for 5 days was placed on the surface of the mixed agar medium. The medium containing 30% and 50% of supernatant completely inhibited the growth of S. cepivorum and B. cinerea, respectively. When 1 mg of crude extract by organic solvents was applied, inhibition zone of 0.72 mm was shown against S. cepivorum and 0.57 mm at B. cinerea. With increasing the concentration of crude extract, inhibition zone increased. Between ethyl acetate and butanol crude extract, only ethyl acetate crude extract was activated. At concentration of 1mg, crude extract effected with inhibition zone of 0.72 mm and inhibition increased at higher concentration. Furthermore, the hyphae incubated with ethyl acetate crude extract were degraded. To investigate the effect of Y1 culture on the growth and ability to control disease of Shallot at field, 5 treatments namely conventional (A), conventional (B), Y1 culture (C), Y1 culture + organic fungicide (D) and Y1 culture + fungicide (E) were performed. The highest yield of 566kg/250m² was harvest due to (E), followed by 550kg/250m² at (C), 525kg/250m² at (D), 454 kg/250m² at (B) and 390kg/250m² at (A).  The growth of shallot at (E) was best, followed by (C), (B), (D) and (A). The lowest and the highest disease incidence were recorded at (E) and (B) respectively. Based on those results, the Y1 culture is considered not only used to promote the production but also used to control disease of shallot at field.